Serious Global IQ Scores

K

Kaz

-
Nov 29, 2020
3,742
For those who don't know, even a one-point difference is huge.
A585f3ede23eab4fe07b70f5d0fc5bb2
 
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01zephyr10

01zephyr10

Short term memory loss truecel living on Neet bux
Dec 12, 2020
914
England owes me 100 IQ Points.
 
L

liazi

Banned
Nov 26, 2020
179
cba to look into it but it sounds dubious af
 
Incellectual_Anon

Incellectual_Anon

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Apr 13, 2022
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An international team of scientists has successfully mapped the human genes that either increase or disrupt the brain's resistance to various neurological and mental illnesses. This study, presented in the journal Nature Genetics, has identified novel genes that could provide insight into the differences that exist in brain size and intelligence. The results could also lead to the development of new drug treatments.

'Our individual centres couldn't review enough brain scans to obtain definitive results,' says Professor Thompson. 'By sharing our data with project ENIGMA, we created a sample large enough to reveal clear patterns in genetic variation and show how these changes physically alter the brain.'

The researchers observed subtle shifts in the genetic code of subjects whose images showed smaller brains. The memory centres were also smaller, according to the team. It should be noted that no matter where the subjects hailed from, the same genes affected the brain in similar ways.

The team also found genes that explain individual differences in intelligence, uncovering a variant in a gene called HMGA2 that affected both brain size and intelligence. DNA has four bases: A, C, T and G; subjects whose HMGA2 gene had C instead of T had larger brains and recorded higher results on standardised intelligence quotient (IQ) tests.


PopulationGroupSample SizeRef AlleleAlt Allele

PopulationGroupSample SizeRef AlleleAlt Allele
Total Global249570C=0.462279T=0.537721
European Sub218988C=0.472976T=0.527024
African Sub7884C=0.5008T=0.4992
African Others Sub290C=0.510T=0.490
African American Sub7594C=0.5004T=0.4996
 
Incellectual_Anon

Incellectual_Anon

Banned
Apr 13, 2022
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Identifying genetic variants influencing human brain structures may reveal new biological mechanisms underlying cognition and neuropsychiatric illness. The volume of the hippocampus is a biomarker of incipient Alzheimer’s disease1,2 and is reduced in schizophrenia3, major depression4 and mesial temporal lobe epilepsy5. Whereas many brain imaging phenotypes are highly heritable6,7, identifying and replicating genetic influences has been difficult, as small effects and the high costs of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have led to underpowered studies. Here we report genome-wide association meta-analyses and replication for mean bilateral hippocampal, total brain and intracranial volumes from a large multinational consortium. The intergenic variant rs7294919 was associated with hippocampal volume (12q24.22; N = 21,151; P = 6.70 × 10−16) and the expression levels of the positional candidate gene TESC in brain tissue. Additionally, rs10784502, located within HMGA2, was associated with intracranial volume (12q14.3; N = 15,782; P = 1.12 × 10−12). We also identified a suggestive association with total brain volume at rs10494373 within DDR2 (1q23.3; N = 6,500; P = 5.81 × 10−7).


PopulationGroupSample SizeRef AlleleAlt Allele

PopulationGroupSample SizeRef AlleleAlt Allele
Total Global279594T=0.887716C=0.112284
European Sub244240T=0.898444C=0.101556
African Sub8612T=0.6227C=0.3773
African Others Sub304T=0.516C=0.484
African American Sub8308T=0.6266C=0.3734


rs7294919 was not associated with full-scale IQ (P = 0.139) or PIQ (P = 0.489) but showed nominal association with VIQ (effect allele: C; β = 0.126, S.E. = 0.062; P = 0.043).

PopulationGroupSample SizeRef AlleleAlt Allele

PopulationGroupSample SizeRef AlleleAlt Allele
Total Global279594T=0.887716C=0.112284
European Sub244240T=0.898444C=0.101556
African Sub8612T=0.6227C=0.3773
African Others Sub304T=0.516C=0.484
African American Sub8308T=0.6266C=0.3734
 
Incellectual_Anon

Incellectual_Anon

Banned
Apr 13, 2022
2,370
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We also identified a suggestive association with total brain volume at rs10494373 within DDR2 (1q23.3; N = 6,500; P = 5.81 × 10−7).

rs10494373 is at 1q23.3: position 160,885,986. Effect allele, C; non-effect allele, A.

PopulationGroupSample SizeRef AlleleAlt Allele

PopulationGroupSample SizeRef AlleleAlt Allele
Total Global197560A=0.923679C=0.076321
European Sub174448A=0.922739C=0.077261
African Sub7092A=0.9267C=0.0733
African Others Sub264A=0.951C=0.049
African American Sub6828A=0.9257C=0.0743
 
Incellectual_Anon

Incellectual_Anon

Banned
Apr 13, 2022
2,370
Git Dat Money G

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TT


PopulationGroupSample SizeRef AlleleAlt Allele

PopulationGroupSample SizeRef AlleleAlt Allele
Total Global34932T=0.81246C=0.18754, G=0.00000
European Sub30102T=0.79496C=0.20504, G=0.00000
African Sub2902T=0.9628C=0.0372, G=0.0000
African Others Sub114T=0.991C=0.009, G=0.000
African American Sub2788T=0.9616C=0.0384, G=0.0000
Asian Sub156T=1.000C=0.000, G=0.000
East Asian Sub130T=1.000C=0.000, G=0.000

The cerebral cortex underlies our complex cognitive capabilities. Variations in human cortical surface area and thickness are associated with neurological, psychological, and behavioral traits and can be measured in vivo by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Studies in model organisms have identified genes that influence cortical structure, but little is known about common genetic variants that affect human cortical structure.

RATIONALE​

To identify genetic variants associated with human cortical structure at both global and regional levels, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of brain MRI data from 51,665 individuals across 60 cohorts. We analyzed the surface area and average thickness of the whole cortex and 34 cortical regions with known functional specializations.

RESULTS​

We identified 369 nominally genome-wide significant loci (P < 5 × 10−8) associated with cortical structure in a discovery sample of 33,992 participants of European ancestry. Of the 360 loci for which replication data were available, 241 loci influencing surface area and 66 influencing thickness remained significant after replication, with 237 loci passing multiple testing correction (P < 8.3 × 10−10; 187 influencing surface area and 50 influencing thickness).
Common genetic variants explained 34% (SE = 3%) of the variation in total surface area and 26% (SE = 2%) in average thickness; surface area and thickness showed a negative genetic correlation (rG = −0.32, SE = 0.05, P = 6.5 × 10−12), which suggests that genetic influences have opposing effects on surface area and thickness. Bioinformatic analyses showed that total surface area is influenced by genetic variants that alter gene regulatory activity in neural progenitor cells during fetal development. By contrast, average thickness is influenced by active regulatory elements in adult brain samples, which may reflect processes that occur after mid-fetal development, such as myelination, branching, or pruning. When considered together, these results support the radial unit hypothesis that different developmental mechanisms promote surface area expansion and increases in thickness.
 
Incellectual_Anon

Incellectual_Anon

Banned
Apr 13, 2022
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Hilbar


Cor


Moreover, two suggestive variants associated with putamen and caudate volumes exceeded genome-wide significance after meta-analysis across the discovery and replication data sets (Table 1). Effect sizes were similar across cohorts (P > 0.1, Cochran’s Q test; Extended Data Fig. 4b). Effect sizes remained consistent after excluding patients diagnosed with anxiety, Alzheimer’s disease, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder, epilepsy, major depressive disorder or schizophrenia (21% of the discovery participants). Correlation in effect size with and without patients was very high (r > 0.99) for loci with P < 1 × 10−5, indicating that these effects were unlikely to be driven by disease (Extended Data Fig. 5a). The participants’ age range covered most of the lifespan (9–97 years), but only one of the eight significant loci showed an effect related to the mean age of each cohort (P = 0.002; rs6087771 affecting putamen volume; Extended Data Fig. 5b), suggesting that nearly all effects are stable across the lifespan. In addition, none of these loci showed evidence of sex effects (Extended Data Fig. 5c).

rs1318862:

PopulationGroupSample SizeRef AlleleAlt Allele

PopulationGroupSample SizeRef AlleleAlt Allele
Total Global22178C=0.46736A=0.00000, T=0.53264
European Sub19014C=0.45051A=0.00000, T=0.54949
African Sub1296C=0.6096A=0.0000, T=0.3904
African Others Sub66C=0.65A=0.00, T=0.35
African American Sub1230C=0.6073A=0.0000, T=0.3927
Asian Sub54C=0.76A=0.00, T=0.24
East Asian Sub46C=0.80A=0.00, T=0.20

PopulationGroupSample SizeRef AlleleAlt Allele

rs61921502:

PopulationGroupSample SizeRef AlleleAlt Allele
Total Global19550T=0.87535G=0.12465
European Sub14364T=0.84788G=0.15212
African Sub3380T=0.9680G=0.0320
African Others Sub114T=1.000G=0.000
African American Sub3266T=0.9669G=0.0331
Asian Sub146T=0.993G=0.007
East Asian Sub120T=1.000G=0.000

rs6087771:

PopulationGroupSample SizeRef AlleleAlt Allele

PopulationGroupSample SizeRef AlleleAlt Allele
Total Global17654
European Sub12466T=0.82031C=0.17969, G=0.00000
East Asian Sub102T=1.000C=0.000, G=0.000
 
NeverEndingWinter

NeverEndingWinter

NEET
Dec 7, 2020
9,359
lil-alik-lilalikbih.gif


View attachment 35926

View attachment 35928



rs1318862:

PopulationGroupSample SizeRef AlleleAlt Allele

PopulationGroupSample SizeRef AlleleAlt Allele
Total Global22178C=0.46736A=0.00000, T=0.53264
European Sub19014C=0.45051A=0.00000, T=0.54949
African Sub1296C=0.6096A=0.0000, T=0.3904
African Others Sub66C=0.65A=0.00, T=0.35
African American Sub1230C=0.6073A=0.0000, T=0.3927
Asian Sub54C=0.76A=0.00, T=0.24
East Asian Sub46C=0.80A=0.00, T=0.20

PopulationGroupSample SizeRef AlleleAlt Allele

rs61921502:

PopulationGroupSample SizeRef AlleleAlt Allele
Total Global19550T=0.87535G=0.12465
European Sub14364T=0.84788G=0.15212
African Sub3380T=0.9680G=0.0320
African Others Sub114T=1.000G=0.000
African American Sub3266T=0.9669G=0.0331
Asian Sub146T=0.993G=0.007
East Asian Sub120T=1.000G=0.000

rs6087771:

PopulationGroupSample SizeRef AlleleAlt Allele

PopulationGroupSample SizeRef AlleleAlt Allele
Total Global17654
European Sub12466T=0.82031C=0.17969, G=0.00000
East Asian Sub102T=1.000C=0.000, G=0.000
You gonna give us a quick rundown of what all that means?
 
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